Understanding Kubernetes’ tools/cache package: part 11—Towards a Kubernetes controller CDI 2.0 portable extension

In part 10, we laid out what we need to do to make a simple programming model available to an end user who wants to be notified of Kubernetes events in the same style as Go programmers using the tools/cache package.  This series starts with part 0.

Here we’ll look at implementing a CDI 2.0 portable extension that enables this lean programming model.

From part 10, we sketched out the idea of pairing an observer method with a producer method, using the same qualifiers on both the producer method’s return type and on the observer method’s event type.  Linked in this way, you now have the ability to build boilerplate machinery in between the Listable-and-VersionWatchable made by the producer method and the event observed by the observer method, and the end user doesn’t have to know about or invoke any of it: her events “just work” assuming this extension is present, opaquely, at runtime.

This post will make use of the microbean-kubernetes-controller framework, the Java Kubernetes controller framework built up over the course of this series (you can start at the beginning if you like).  This framework is CDI-independent.  We’ll adapt it to CDI 2.0 so end users don’t have to deal with any boilerplate.

As discussed, our portable extension will have to:

• find beans that have Listable and VersionWatchable among their bean types
• find observer methods observing Event objects that contain Kubernetes resources in them
• ensure that for any given observer method whose event parameter is qualified with a set of qualifier annotations, there exists a producer method (or any other kind of CDI bean, actually) with the right kind of type that is also qualified by those same qualifier annotations (or no event delivery will take place)
• have some way of recognizing that arbitrary qualifier annotations defined by the user are those that should be used to identify Kubernetes events—i.e. some way of meta-qualifying a qualifier annotation that appears on relevant producer methods and relevant event parameters

We can do all these things thanks to the well-defined lifecycle mandated by CDI.

First, we’ll sketch out a meta-qualifier annotation named KubernetesEventSelector.  The intent of this meta-annotation will be that if you put it on a qualifier annotation that you create, then your qualifier annotation will be treated as a qualifier that is trying to say something specifically about sets of Kubernetes events.

Here’s what that might look like:

Now as an end user if I define my own qualifier annotation and annotate it with KubernetesEventSelector:

…I will have expressed my intent that when we “see” this annotation:

@AllConfigMapEvents

…we are talking about choosing Kubernetes events in some handwavy manner, and not something else.

So now our as-yet-to-be-written portable extension has at least the theoretical means to find event parameters and beans and see if they’re qualified with qualifiers that, in turn, are annotated with @KubernetesEventSelector.  Those will be the only things of interest to this extension.

Next, we’ll take advantage of the CDI lifecycle and the prescribed order of things and recognize that bean processing happens before observer method processing.  So let’s start with looking for those beans that have Listable and VersionWatchable among their bean types.

We’re going to run into a problem right away.  We would like to look for beans whose bean types are of type X where X is some type that extends Listable and VersionWatchable, but otherwise we don’t really care what X actually is.  But producer methods must return concrete types without type variables in them.

What we’ll do instead is look for the most general type in the fabric8 Kubernetes model hierarchy that implements or extends both Listable and VersionWatchable and deal with that.  That type happens to be Operation.  We’ll keep track during bean processing of all Beans that match these types.  That means it doesn’t matter if the bean in question is a producer method, a producer field, a managed bean, a synthetic bean or any of the other kinds of beans you can cause to come into existence in a CDI world: they’ll all be accounted for.

Now, obviously we’re not actually interested in all beans whose bean types include Operation.  We’re interested in those that have been explicitly “tagged” with the KubernetesEventSelector annotation.

It would be nice if there were a convenience method of sorts in CDI that would let you ask a bean for its qualifiers but would restrict the returned set to only those qualifiers that, in turn, are meta-qualified with something else (like KubernetesEventSelector).  Unfortunately, there is not, so we’ll have to do this ourselves.

So, refined: we’ll keep track of Beans with Operation (and hence by definition Listable and VersionWatchable) among their bean types, and with KubernetesEventSelector-qualified qualifiers.  We’ll keep track of those annotations, too.

Once we do this, we’ll have some machinery that can now pick out sources for raw materials that we’ll need to feed to a Reflector.

But obviously we don’t really want to do any of this if there aren’t any observer methods around.  Fortunately but also unfortunately, bean processing happens before observer method processing, so we will do this work, and then discard it if we don’t find any relevant observer methods.

What’s a relevant observer method?  In this case it’s an observer method whose (a) AbstractEvent-typed event parameter is (b) qualified by one or more qualifier annotations that are themselves (c) meta-qualified by KubernetesEventSelector, and that (d) “matches” an equivalent set of qualifiers on an Operation-typed bean type.  This means that indirectly the observer method will “watch” for what the producer method is indirectly providing access to.

Here’s an example observer method:

Note the usage of the @AllConfigMapEvents qualifier we defined earlier in this blog post, and note that the event parameter so qualified is an Event.  Let’s say we found a “matching” producer method:

Note the Operation return type and the matching qualifier-meta-qualified-with-KubernetesEventSelector that decorates it (@AllConfigMapEvents).  Do you see how it “matches” the observer method’s event parameter qualifier (also @AllConfigMapEvents)?  This is the linkage that connects this producer method with the observer method that observes events that will result from the producer method’s existence.

So once we have a mapping from a Bean to a set of relevant qualifier annotations, then we can see if, during observer method processing, we’re talking about the first observer method that should cause our boilerplate machinery to get invoked.  If there are many observer methods that “match” a relevant producer method, that’s fine; that just indicates that the very same Kubernetes event might be processed by many observers.  The point is, before we jump through all the hoops to set up lists and watches and so on, we should make sure that someone is actually going to take advantage of our work.

So once we “get a match”, we can build the boilerplate for all matches of the same type, once.

For each distinct match, we’ll need a new Controller.  The controller will need an instance of whatever the producer method is making (some kind of Operation, which is by definition both a Listable and a VersionWatchable).

The Controller, in turn, will need some kind of Map representing Kubernetes objects we “know about”.  That Map will be empty to start with, since we don’t know about any Kubernetes objects yet.  But if, down the road, a deletion gets skipped (maybe due to a watch timing out or a disconnect), we need to retroactively fire a delete if, say, the Kubernetes list of relevant objects is “less than” our “known objects”, and we’ll need to know what object was actually deleted.

The Controller will also need some kind of Consumer (a siphon) that will slurp up EventQueues and dispatch their events in order without blocking threads.  That Consumer will also need to update that very same Map of “known objects” as it does so.

Finally, that Consumer of EventQueues will also need a mechanism to link it to the native CDI event broadcast mechanism which will take care of actually dispatching events to observer methods.

Whew!  Let’s do the easy boring stuff first.

The first lifecycle event that looks good is ProcessBean.  If we could process all beans whose types are Operation here, in one place, regardless of whether the bean in question is a producer method, managed bean, etc. that would be great.  As it turns out for various obscure reasons, we can’t.  So we’ll implement a lifecycle event observer method for each type of bean, and route all their stuff to a common private method for processing:

And the processPotentialEventSelectorBean method that these all effectively delegate to might look like this:

…where the Annotations utility method can be found elsewhere, and where the getOperationType() method might look like this:

So at the end of all this we’ll have a Map, eventSelectorBeans, that has as its keys Sets of Annotation instances that have KubernetesEventSelector somewhere “on” them, and has as its values Beans that are qualified with those annotations.

Now we’ll need to route all observer method processing to something similar (fortunately, this is a great deal simpler).  Recall that we are guaranteed by contract that observer method processing happens after discovering beans, so by this point we already have knowledge of any producer methods or managed beans “making” Operation instances of various kinds:

(Above, we also keep track of whether the observer method in question is synchronous or asynchronous.)

Finally, we can clean up a little bit after bean discovery is all done:

At the end of all of this bean discovery, we have a Set of Bean instances stored in a beans instance variable that (a) “make” Operation instances, (b) are appropriately meta-qualified to declare their interest in taking part in Kubernetes event production, and (c) have at least one observer method interested in their effects.

Let’s build some controllers and start them when the user’s program comes up!

We’ll begin by observing the initialization of the application scope, which is exactly equal to the start of a CDI application.

When this happens, our beans instance variable will contain some of the materials to build a Controller.  For each Bean in there, we’ll “instantiate” it (by way of a beanManager.getReference() call, create a new Controller, hook that Controller up to the right kind of EventDistributor, start the Controller and keep track of it for later cleanup:

In the above code example, you’ll see a reference to a CDIEventDistributor.  That private class is a Consumer of events that simply fires them using the existing CDI broadcasting mechanism:

Finally, when the user’s application stops, we should clean up after ourselves.  We observe the imminent destruction of the application scope and close everything we started up:

The net effect is that if you put this portable extension and its dependencies on the classpath of your CDI 2.0 application and author a producer method and observer method pair (and nothing else), your CDI application will receive Kubernetes events and should behave semantically like any other kind of Kubernetes controller.

The fledgling project housing all this code is microbean-kubernetes-controller-cdi and is available on Github under the Apache 2.0 license.

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Understanding Kubernetes’ tools/cache package: part 10—Designing Kubernetes controllers in CDI 2.0

In part 9 of this series (you may want to start at the beginning), we put together a sketch of what has become a Kubernetes controller framework in Java.  The framework represents most of the concerns of a subset of the Kubernetes tools/cache package, including the SharedIndexInformer, Reflector, Controller, Indexer, DeltaFIFO, Store and ListerWatcher concepts.

But if you want to write a controller, you don’t (I’m presuming) want to deal with any of that boilerplate.  You want to express that you:

• are interested in receiving notifications of additions, modifications and deletions of certain Kubernetes resources
• know what to do when you receive such notifications

The other stuff—all the reflectors and controllers and informers and caches and whatnot—is simply a means to an end, so we should attempt to make it disappear.

CDI 2.0 gives us the means to do this.  Let’s lay out what we’ll need to do.  We’ll work backwards.

First, we’ll make use of the standard observer method mechanism to know what to do when we receive event notifications.  We’ll sketch our as-of-now incomplete observer method like this:

private final void onConfigMapEvent(@Observes final SomeKindOfEventNotYetDefined configMapEvent) {
  // configMapEvent should tell us: was it an addition? a modification? a removal?
  // Which ConfigMap?  What did it look like before it was modified? etc.
}

Let’s pretend that something somewhere is firing these events.  Then we could receive one here, open it up, and see what happened.  Sounds good.

Missing from our sketch is some indication as to which ConfigMaps we’d like to see events for.  Maybe we want to see all of them.  Maybe we only are interested in some meeting certain criteria.

Well, that’s what qualifiers are made for.  We’ll refine our hazy little sketch to look like this:

private final void onConfigMapEvent(@Observes @CertainConfigMaps final SomeKindOfEventNotYetDefined configMapEvent) {
  // configMapEvent should tell us: was it an addition? a modification? a removal?
  // Which ConfigMap?  What did it look like before it was modified? etc.
}

Note the addition of the @CertainConfigMaps qualifier annotation that I just made up.

OK, if we stare at that for a while as good CDI citizens, this looks nice and complete and idiomatic: this observer method looks for SomeKindOfEventNotYetDefined events, whatever they are, qualified with the @CertainConfigMaps qualifier and will be notified if ever they should be fired.  Presumably those events, whatever they are, will contain a ConfigMap or an old ConfigMap and a new one along with some indication of what happened to it or them.  Sounds good.  This is stuff the end user obviously has to write, and it’s stuff that she should write, and it’s probably about as concise as we’re going to get.  It’s nice and declarative and simple and straightforward.

So who’s going to fire them?  The person writing this method obviously shouldn’t have to care.

As we’ve seen in the previous parts of this series, if you look at things a certain way, Kubernetes itself is a distributed message bus.  So the short answer is: Kubernetes will fire them.

That’s glib, of course.  Kubernetes will fire them—and our Reflector will do what is necessary to reflect them speedily and robustly into an EventCache.  Then something else will have to harvest events from the cache.  That something had also better be able to distribute those events to interested listeners, like our observer method above.

Finally, all of this will have to have queues of various kinds in the mix to make sure that no given harvesting thread or distributing thread or caching thread is blocked while it goes about its business (or that if absolutely necessary it is blocked for the shortest possible time).  That, after all, is what the Kubernetes client-go tools/cache package is all about, so it’s what microbean-kubernetes-controller is all about.

OK, that’s all fine, but, if you notice, this subassembly—with Kubernetes and a Reflector at its “left” end and our observer method at its “right” end—starts with a specification of things to list and watch.  If we can provide just that part, thus defining the inputs for the “left” end, then all the other stuff in the middle is boilerplate, and all we have to do is attach our observer method to the “right” end with a little more boilerplate, and the end user might not ever even have to see the boilerplate!

So let’s look at the “left” end: we know we’re going to have to talk to Kubernetes using the fabric8 Kubernetes client, so that’s where we’ll start.

The good news about picking the fabric8 Kubernetes client is that it is built around a domain-specific language that makes expressing things relatively easy.  For example, you can tell a KubernetesClient to get you a Thing™ that can then get you a list of ConfigMap resources from Kubernetes like this:

client.configMaps();

That returns some sort of massively parameterized MixedOperation, but normally when you program against a model like this you worry very little about these intermediate types in the chain of builders and whatnot that result from this style of fluent programming.

However, in this case, do take note of the fact that a MixedOperation implements both Listable and VersionWatchable.  Note further that a MixedOperation is just a special kind of Operation.  Finally, recall that our Reflector needs some kind of thing that is both a Listable and a VersionWatchable to get started: in part 0, we learned about why this is.

So, in other words, you can create a new Reflector that will reflect Kubernetes events concerning ConfigMaps by supplying client.configMaps() as the first parameter of its constructor.

That’s our “left” end of this subassembly.  If you can get your hands on a Thing™ that is both a Listable and a VersionWatchable then you can create the whole rest of the subassembly and route reflected events to appropriate observer methods.

Now, in CDI, any time you need a Thing™, you don’t make it yourself.  You look around for it, or you declare that someone else needs to provide it.  We will treat, in other words, an Operation as a CDI bean.

An Operation implementation is extremely unlikely to be a managed bean—a plain-old-Java-object (POJO) just lying around somewhere with some bean-defining annotations on it.  Instead, as we’ve seen, you make an Operation by way of a method invocation on a KubernetesClient (like configMaps()).

CDI producer methods are one kind of CDI bean that fit this bill perfectly!  Suppose we have a producer method somewhere sketched out like this:

@Produces
@ApplicationScoped
@CertainConfigMaps
private static final Operation<ConfigMap, ConfigMapList, DoneableConfigMap, Resource<ConfigMap, DoneableConfigMap>> selectAllConfigMaps(final KubernetesClient client) {
return client.configMaps();
}

Then so long as someone somewhere has made a KubernetesClient for us, it will be injected as this producer method’s sole parameter.  That means we can use it to return an Operation.  That means we have the “left” end of our subassembly.

(As it happens, there’s a handy little project that does expose a KubernetesClient as a CDI bean; it’s named microbean-kubernetes-client-cdi.  If that’s on your CDI 2.0 classpath, you can inject KubernetesClient wherever you want it.)

Note as well here that the @CertainConfigMaps annotation that was part of our (still unfinished) observer method sketch is qualifying the return type.

From here, you can see, I hope, that if we have a machine that can

• gather up all the CDI beans that are qualified with a given qualifier (like @CertainConfigMaps) or set of qualifiers, regardless of how those beans are made or who makes them, and
• can also gather up all the observer methods that observe events qualified with that same qualifier or those same qualifiers, then
• we have the means to unite a producer of raw materials needed to pump Kubernetes events into the system, and a consumer of those events to get them out of the system!

We’ll build this machine in the next post.

 

Components and Environments

I am playing around with the concepts of components and environments in my microbean experiments.

The fundamental idea behind microbean is that with CDI 2.0 every last piece of your application can be its own self-contained artifact (including the main class with its main() method).  Each such artifact is a CDI bean archive.  When you put them all together on the classpath and run java org.microbean.main.Main, then your application works.  This might include running servers, deploying things, and so on, but it’s all loosely coupled and tiny. It is the act of bringing these archives together—drawing a lasso around them with a CLASSPATH—that constitutes deployment.

As we’ve seen, CDI has the notion of a bean archive, but it doesn’t really have a notion of a group of bean archives.  I am going to use the wonderfully overloaded term component to describe this concept.

These components might need some other facilities provided by various portable extensions.  There is a hazy way in which a group of portable extensions providing services is different from a group of bean archives providing business logic.  I’ll call this aggregation an environment.

With these provisional terms in place, we can thus say that components run in environments.  We can also say that environments support components.

Then the act of deploying a microbean application becomes: pick one or more environments and one or more components and put them on the classpath, and then run java org.microbean.main.Main (or any other main class that simply starts up a CDI SE container and shuts it down; this just happens to be a convenient prefabricated one).

How could we represent these components?  On disk, we don’t really want to represent them at all.  A component as used here is a notional construct, after all: it’s a bunch of jars that belong together in some way.  For management purposes, however, representing them in Maven pom.xml files of a particular kind looks like a good way to go.

This also seems to be a good way to represent environments as well.

Maven’s pom.xml file and the dependency graph it implies is one of the most misunderstood artifacts in all of Java software engineering.  Most developers know that it describes a project and its dependencies, but did you know you can include a non-jar project pom.xml file (an artifact of type pom) as a dependency itself, thus effectively pulling in (transitively) its dependencies?  This can lead to version surprises, but did you know that a pom.xml‘s section can be used to lock down the version of a given artifact, whether it appears directly or transitively as a dependency? Finally, to complete the puzzle, did you know that a pom.xml can, itself, appear in its own <dependencyManagement> section, thus offering a way to lock its own version down as well as those of its dependencies?

These features mean that we can define both components and environments as artifacts of type pom.  I’ll be exploring these concepts over the next few blog posts.

MicroBean Launcher

This is the eleventh of a series of posts on some of the personal projects I’ve been working on.  As I hope you’ll see, they all fit together.  The previous post covered MicroBean Commons CLI.

This post covers MicroBean Launcher.  Its website is here, its source code is here and its binaries are available from Maven Central.

MicroBean Launcher lets you run a Java SE CDI 2.0 application from the command line by specifying Maven artifact coordinates to other bean archives, transitively resolving them and their dependencies, using MicroBean Maven CDI, to your local Maven repository.

To install MicroBean Launcher, place it (and its minimal dependencies) on your classpath.

Here is an example of its usage, assuming it and its dependencies are on your classpath already:

java org.microbean.launcher.main.Main --artifactPath com.foobar:frobnicator:1.0,com.foobar:caturgiator:2.0

This command will download, if necessary, com.foobar‘s frobnicator jar artifact at version 1.0 and com.foobar‘s caturgiator jar artifact at version 2.0.  These files and their transitive compile- and runtime-scoped dependencies will be placed in the current user’s local Maven repository (~/.m2/repository by default, but the user’s ~/.m2/settings.xml file, which can dictate where the local repository is, is honored).  (If the artifacts already exist, then no download happens.)  A classpath will be built out of all of these artifacts and effectively appended to the current classpath, and MicroBean Main will be invoked.

Why is this useful?  For one, specifying a classpath can now be done in terms of Maven artifact coordinates instead of local filesystem references.  Because MicroBean Maven CDI is in charge of dependency resolution using Maven’s own resolution machinery under the covers, you don’t need to be aware of whether the artifacts in question were downloaded or already present.

But more than this, note that in the last ten blog posts the installation instructions have been the same: you place whatever bean archive is being described on your classpath.  This is one of the nice things about CDI: CDI archives are loosely coupled modules that can be discovered.

This means you can compose a Java SE CDI 2.0 application together by simply referring to Maven artifacts.

Specifically, assuming you have MicroBean Launcher and its dependencies on your CLASSPATH, if you write, say, a JAX-RS Application and a root resource class that it exposes, and place them on your classpath, then you can run that application immediately, downloading only what you need and only what you don’t already have, by running a command line similar to the following:

java org.microbean.launcher.main.Main --artifactPath org.microbean:microbean-jersey-container-grizzly2-http-cdi-extension,org.microbean:microbean-jersey-container-grizzly2-http-cdi,org.microbean:microbean-grizzly-http-server-cdi

Note in particular that your application remains standards-compliant, and you selected the server you wanted to use to run it dynamically from the command line.  You wrote only the code you needed to and none other.

Note that the second time you run this all of the artifacts will already be present on your system.

These are early days for these personal projects and I’ll have plenty more to say about them in the future.  Thanks for reading!

MicroBean Commons CLI

This is the tenth of a series of posts on some of the personal projects I’ve been working on.  As I hope you’ll see, they all fit together.  The previous post covered MicroBean Maven CDI.  The next post covers MicroBean Launcher.

This post covers MicroBean Commons CLI.  Its website is here, its source code is here and its binaries are available from Maven Central.

MicroBean Commons CLI provides a CDI portable extension that sets up a producer method that produces a CommandLine if there is an Options CDI bean instance in the current CDI container, and if something somewhere makes the command-line arguments available as a String[] qualified with @Named("commandLineArguments") (it just so happens that MicroBean Main does this).

To install MicroBean Commons CLI, place it (and its dependencies) on your classpath.

This means that if your application has a producer method in it that returns an Options, and MicroBean Commons CLI is on the classpath, then you can @Inject a CommandLine anywhere you like, which gives you access to command line option processing.  This, in turn, means that your CDI bean can process command line options easily and intelligently, even though in all likelihood you probably didn’t write the public static void main(String[]) method.  See my post on MicroBean Main for more on this general pattern.

The next post covers MicroBean Launcher, which allows you to link and run a CDI 2.0 Java SE application together out of Maven-addressible artifact coordinates.

MicroBean Maven CDI

This is the ninth of a series of posts on some of the personal projects I’ve been working on.  As I hope you’ll see, they all fit together.  The previous post covered MicroBean Jersey Container Grizzly2 HTTP CDI Extension.  The next post covers MicroBean Commons CLI.

This post covers MicroBean Maven CDI.  Its website is here, its source code is here and its binaries are available from Maven Central.

MicroBean Maven CDI adapts the inner workings of the Maven Artifact Resolver project so that it can be exposed in a CDI 2.0 environment.

To install MicroBean Maven CDI, place it on your classpath.

The Maven Artifact Resolver project is the Maven-as-build-tool-independent “guts” inside of Maven responsible for transitive dependency resolution and management.  (I’ve written before on this topic.)  MicroBean Maven CDI makes this tooling available inside a CDI 2.0 environment (including Java SE CDI 2.0 applications), along with the common Maven conventions of user-specific settings.xml files and local Maven repositories.  Any interesting magic that it performs is really confined to the translation of Plexus annotations such as Component and Requirement to CDI injection points, which it does by virtue of the power of the CDI portable extension SPI.

There are many ways this could be useful.  Consider—from within your CDI bean—taking in a Maven-style groupId:artifactId:version String identifier and having it resolve to a local file automatically if that file is not already present in exactly the same way that Maven resolves it (jokes about “downloading the Internet” are hereby routed to /dev/null, as usually these indicate an ignorance of the (well-documented) updatePolicy element).  As we’ll see, there are even more powerful things you can do with these capabilities.  I’ve touched on some of them earlier.

In the next post, we’ll touch on the integration of the Apache Commons CLI project with CDI 2.0 by way of MicroBean Commons CLI.

MicroBean Jersey Container Grizzly2 HTTP CDI Extension

This is the eighth of a series of posts on some of the personal projects I’ve been working on.  As I hope you’ll see, they all fit together.  The previous post covered MicroBean Grizzly HTTP Server CDI Integration.  The next post covers MicroBean Maven CDI.

This post covers MicroBean Jersey Container Grizzly2 HTTP CDI Extension.  Its website is here, its source code is here and its binaries are available from Maven Central.

MicroBean Jersey Container Grizzly2 HTTP CDI Extension (another mouthful) uses MicroBean CDI Utilities and Jersey and Grizzly classes to provide an AbstractBlockingExtension that starts up a Jersey server on a configurable port inside a CDI container if an Application instance is found in the same CDI container.

To install MicroBean Jersey Container Grizzly2 HTTP CDI Extension, place it on your classpath.

MicroBean Jersey Container Grizzly2 HTTP CDI Extension does exactly nothing if there is not an HttpServer instance in the CDI container.  You can cause an HttpServer to exist in the CDI container in any way that you like.  One particularly useful way is to use MicroBean Jersey Container Grizzly HTTP CDI Integration (just place it, too, on your classpath).

If there is an HttpServer instance in the CDI container (or actually any number), then MicroBean Jersey Container Grizzly2 HTTP CDI Extension starts it in such a way that the CDI container is politely and legally blocked.  (I’ve written before on the topic of politely blocking the CDI container.)  See the documentation for the AbstractBlockingExtension class for more information.

The net effect of all this is that if you place the following projects on your classpath (and their minimal dependencies) together with your Application instance, you will have an executable Java SE CDI program serving your JAX-RS application on a port of your choosing via Jersey’s GrizzlyHttpServerFactory without having had to write any code other than that of your Application class:

• MicroBean Jersey Container Grizzly2 HTTP CDI Extension
• MicroBean Jersey Container Grizzly HTTP CDI Integration
• MicroBean Grizzly HTTP Server CDI Integration
• MicroBean Main
• MicroBean Configuration CDI
• MicroBean Configuration
• MicroBean Configuration API

The next post covers MicroBean Maven CDI.  I promise this will continue to be relevant, despite the Maven reference. 😀